Leagues
Format Odds
NEW: Bookmakers
We use cookies. By browsing our website, you agree to our cookie policy. Privacy & cookie policy

MSV Duisburg - Erzgebirge Aue 13.12.2025

Round 18

Statistics MSV Duisburg vs Erzgebirge Aue

47% Ball possession 53%
9 Total shots 7
4 Shots on goal 2
5 Shots off goal 5
1 Offsides 3
11 Free kicks 16
4 Corner kicks 3
30 Throw ins 23
15 Fouls 8
2 Yellow cards 2

Head To Head

Wins
Draws
Wins
1
4
0
Goals
6
3
All matches

Standings

Team G W D L S C Pt
1. VfL Osnabruck
38 24 8 6 66 34 80
2. Energie Cottbus
38 21 9 8 72 51 72
3. Rot-Weiss Essen
38 20 10 8 78 66 70
4. MSV Duisburg
38 19 11 8 66 49 68
5. Hansa Rostock
38 18 13 7 74 49 67
6. Verl
38 18 10 10 82 48 64
7. Alemannia Aachen
38 19 7 12 76 57 64
8. 1860 Munchen
38 15 11 12 54 53 56
9. Wehen Wiesbaden
38 15 8 15 54 52 53
10. Waldhof Mannheim
38 15 7 16 59 72 52
11. Viktoria Koln
38 15 6 17 51 53 51
12. FC Ingolstadt 04
38 13 10 15 65 56 49
13. Jahn Regensburg
38 14 7 17 54 58 49
14. VfB Stuttgart II
38 13 7 18 57 69 46
15. 1. Saarbrucken
38 10 14 14 51 57 44
16. TSG 1899 Hoffenheim II
38 12 7 19 65 71 43
17. Havelse
38 9 8 21 57 89 35
18. Erzgebirge Aue
38 7 13 18 51 70 34
19. SSV Ulm 1846
38 9 6 23 49 78 33
20. 1. Schweinfurt 05
38 5 6 27 38 87 21
  Promotion
  Promotion Playoffs
  Relegation

Top Scorers

MSV Duisburg MSV Duisburg
#
Goals
  • 45 Lobinger L.
    17
  • 14 Noss C.
    10
  • 37 Sussek P.
    7
  • 22 Topken T.
    6
  • 29 Bitter J.
    6
  • 27 Coskun C.
    4
  • 23 Symalla J.
    3
  • 5 Fleckstein T.
    3
  • 26 Kruger F.
    3
  • 31 Kother D.
    3
Erzgebirge Aue Erzgebirge Aue
#
Goals
  • 15 Bar M.
    10
  • 19 Guttau J.
    7
  • 34 Stefaniak M.
    4
  • 7 Weinhauer E.
    4
  • 20 Fabisch J.
    3
  • 24 Ehlers J.
    3
  • 11 Uhlmann E.
    2
  • 25 Zobel T.
    2
  • 13 Majetschak E.
    2
  • 10 Gunther-Schmidt J.
    2

Statistics from 25/26 season of 3. Liga

Chat

No messages

Be the first to start the conversation in Livescore Chat!

Text commentary

Overall
MSV
ERZ
[08:03:09]` The start whistle was blown
MSV Duisburg and Erzgebirge Aue begin their battle at MSV-Arena, officiated by Wagner Felix.
image 8’` Yellow card
Wagner Felix pulls out the yellow card for Erzgebirge Aue’s Coskun Can Beklan (MSV Duisburg) at MSV-Arena.
image 10’` Free kick
The player MSV Duisburg steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
image 12’` Corner kick
FC player MSV Duisburg wins a corner for MSV Duisburg, setting up an opportunity at MSV-Arena.
15’` Free kick image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
18’` Free kick image
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
21’` Free kick image
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue in the MSV-Arena midfield.
image 21’` Caution
Wagner Felix books Bulic Rasim (MSV Duisburg) with a yellow card for MSV Duisburg at MSV-Arena.
22’` Free kick image
A dangerous move halted, and MSV Duisburg gets a free kick thanks to The footballer Erzgebirge Aue’s effort.
image 23’` Goal kick
MSV Duisburg prepares for a goal kick at MSV-Arena as The player MSV Duisburg lines up to restart play.
image 25’` Corner kick
The footballer MSV Duisburg wins a corner for MSV Duisburg, setting up an opportunity at MSV-Arena.
image 26’` Corner kick
Wagner Felix points to the corner flag as Erzgebirge Aue prepares to take it, thanks to FC player MSV Duisburg.
26’` Goal kick image
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with The footballer Erzgebirge Aue ready to send it long.
image 27’` Free kick
Wagner Felix signals a free kick for MSV Duisburg as The footballer MSV Duisburg protests the decision.
27’` Goal kick image
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with FC player Erzgebirge Aue ready to send it long.
29’` Free kick image
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The player Erzgebirge Aue in the MSV-Arena midfield.
29’` Free kick image
The player Erzgebirge Aue steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
30’` Goal kick image
MSV Duisburg prepares for a goal kick at MSV-Arena as The player Erzgebirge Aue lines up to restart play.
32’` Free kick image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
34’` Corner kick image
The ball deflects off FC player Erzgebirge Aue, giving MSV Duisburg a corner kick in front of the MSV-Arena crowd.
36’` Goal kick image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue steps up for MSV Duisburg’s goal kick, aiming to shift momentum at MSV-Arena.
36’` Free kick image
A dangerous move halted, and MSV Duisburg gets a free kick thanks to The player Erzgebirge Aue’s effort.
39’` Yellow card image
Wagner Felix books Ehlers Jannic (Erzgebirge Aue) with a yellow card for MSV Duisburg at MSV-Arena.
image 40’` Free kick
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The footballer MSV Duisburg in the MSV-Arena midfield.
image 42’` Goal kick
Erzgebirge Aue gets a goal kick as The footballer MSV Duisburg clears the danger in front of MSV-Arena’s fans.
45 + 1’` Extra Time
{Addtime} minutes added by Wagner Felix, and Erzgebirge Aue pushes forward at MSV-Arena.
[08:49:17]` Players leave the pitch
With the scoreline at 0:0, referee Wagner Felix calls for half-time. MSV Duisburg and Erzgebirge Aue step off the pitch for a short rest and coaching adjustments.
[09:05:16]` Start of the second half-time
Wagner Felix gets MSV Duisburg and Erzgebirge Aue back underway at MSV-Arena for the next half.
47’` Goal kick image
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with FC player Erzgebirge Aue ready to send it long.
50’` Goal kick image
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue ready to send it long.
55’` Corner kick image
A corner is awarded to Erzgebirge Aue after a strong move by Stefaniak Marvin (Erzgebirge Aue) near the goal line.
image 55’` Goal kick
Erzgebirge Aue gets a goal kick as FC player MSV Duisburg clears the danger in front of MSV-Arena’s fans.
56’` Free kick image
A dangerous move halted, and MSV Duisburg gets a free kick thanks to The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue’s effort.
58’` Goal kick image
FC player Erzgebirge Aue takes the goal kick for Erzgebirge Aue after the ball goes wide at MSV-Arena.
image 59’` Goal kick
The player MSV Duisburg steps up for MSV Duisburg’s goal kick, aiming to shift momentum at MSV-Arena.
59’` Goal kick image
FC player Erzgebirge Aue takes the goal kick for Erzgebirge Aue after the ball goes wide at MSV-Arena.
image 61’` Substitution
Wagner Felix oversees Erzgebirge Aue’s substitution as The player MSV Duisburg leaves the MSV-Arena field.
image 61’` Coach makes sub
Wagner Felix oversees Erzgebirge Aue’s substitution as FC player MSV Duisburg leaves the MSV-Arena field.
image 64’` Free kick
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The FC footballer MSV Duisburg in the MSV-Arena midfield.
image 61’` Coach makes sub
Wagner Felix oversees Erzgebirge Aue’s substitution as The FC footballer MSV Duisburg leaves the MSV-Arena field.
image 66’` Free kick
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The footballer MSV Duisburg is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
image 66’` Free kick
Wagner Felix signals a free kick for MSV Duisburg as The FC footballer MSV Duisburg protests the decision.
image 67’` Corner kick
The ball deflects off The footballer MSV Duisburg, giving MSV Duisburg a corner kick in front of the MSV-Arena crowd.
68’` Goal kick image
Erzgebirge Aue gets a goal kick as FC player Erzgebirge Aue clears the danger in front of MSV-Arena’s fans.
68’` Substitution image
MSV Duisburg makes a change at MSV-Arena, with The footballer Erzgebirge Aue coming off the pitch.
image 70’` Free kick
A dangerous move halted, and MSV Duisburg gets a free kick thanks to The FC footballer MSV Duisburg’s effort.
70’` Free kick image
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by FC player Erzgebirge Aue in the MSV-Arena midfield.
image 71’` Free kick
Wagner Felix signals a free kick for MSV Duisburg as The footballer MSV Duisburg protests the decision.
74’` Free kick image
FC player Erzgebirge Aue steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
image 76’` Coach makes sub
The footballer MSV Duisburg is substituted for Erzgebirge Aue, as Wagner Felix signals at MSV-Arena.
79’` Free kick image
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The player Erzgebirge Aue is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
80’` Substitution image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue exits for MSV Duisburg, and MSV-Arena watches the tactical switch.
image 81’` Coach prepares substitution
MSV Duisburg swaps FC player MSV Duisburg out, shaking things up at MSV-Arena.
image 84’` Free kick
FC player MSV Duisburg steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
84’` Yellow card image
MSV Duisburg’s Stefaniak Marvin (Erzgebirge Aue) earns a yellow card, noted by Wagner Felix at MSV-Arena.
86’` Free kick image
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue in the MSV-Arena midfield.
image 87’` Goal kick
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with The FC footballer MSV Duisburg ready to send it long.
88’` Coach makes sub image
MSV Duisburg swaps FC player Erzgebirge Aue out, shaking things up at MSV-Arena.
88’` Coach makes sub image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue is substituted for Erzgebirge Aue, as Wagner Felix signals at MSV-Arena.
90’` Corner kick image
Wagner Felix points to the corner flag as Erzgebirge Aue prepares to take it, thanks to The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue.
image 90’` Goal kick
FC player MSV Duisburg takes the goal kick for Erzgebirge Aue after the ball goes wide at MSV-Arena.
90 + 1’` Stoppage time
The fourth official shows {Addtime} minutes, giving MSV Duisburg extra hope at MSV-Arena.
image 90 + 2’` Free kick
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The FC footballer MSV Duisburg is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
90 + 2’` Free kick image
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
90 + 5’` Goal kick image
Erzgebirge Aue gets a goal kick as The player Erzgebirge Aue clears the danger in front of MSV-Arena’s fans.
90 + 5’` Booking image
MSV Duisburg’s Lord Louis (Erzgebirge Aue) earns a yellow card, noted by Wagner Felix at MSV-Arena.
[09:56:31]` Fulltime
The match concludes at MSV-Arena as MSV Duisburg and Erzgebirge Aue shake hands.
image 8’` Yellow card
Wagner Felix pulls out the yellow card for Erzgebirge Aue’s Coskun Can Beklan (MSV Duisburg) at MSV-Arena.
image 10’` Free kick
The player MSV Duisburg steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
image 12’` Corner kick
FC player MSV Duisburg wins a corner for MSV Duisburg, setting up an opportunity at MSV-Arena.
image 21’` Caution
Wagner Felix books Bulic Rasim (MSV Duisburg) with a yellow card for MSV Duisburg at MSV-Arena.
image 23’` Goal kick
MSV Duisburg prepares for a goal kick at MSV-Arena as The player MSV Duisburg lines up to restart play.
image 25’` Corner kick
The footballer MSV Duisburg wins a corner for MSV Duisburg, setting up an opportunity at MSV-Arena.
image 26’` Corner kick
Wagner Felix points to the corner flag as Erzgebirge Aue prepares to take it, thanks to FC player MSV Duisburg.
image 27’` Free kick
Wagner Felix signals a free kick for MSV Duisburg as The footballer MSV Duisburg protests the decision.
image 40’` Free kick
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The footballer MSV Duisburg in the MSV-Arena midfield.
image 42’` Goal kick
Erzgebirge Aue gets a goal kick as The footballer MSV Duisburg clears the danger in front of MSV-Arena’s fans.
image 55’` Goal kick
Erzgebirge Aue gets a goal kick as FC player MSV Duisburg clears the danger in front of MSV-Arena’s fans.
image 59’` Goal kick
The player MSV Duisburg steps up for MSV Duisburg’s goal kick, aiming to shift momentum at MSV-Arena.
image 61’` Substitution
Wagner Felix oversees Erzgebirge Aue’s substitution as The player MSV Duisburg leaves the MSV-Arena field.
image 61’` Coach makes sub
Wagner Felix oversees Erzgebirge Aue’s substitution as FC player MSV Duisburg leaves the MSV-Arena field.
image 64’` Free kick
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The FC footballer MSV Duisburg in the MSV-Arena midfield.
image 61’` Coach makes sub
Wagner Felix oversees Erzgebirge Aue’s substitution as The FC footballer MSV Duisburg leaves the MSV-Arena field.
image 66’` Free kick
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The footballer MSV Duisburg is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
image 66’` Free kick
Wagner Felix signals a free kick for MSV Duisburg as The FC footballer MSV Duisburg protests the decision.
image 67’` Corner kick
The ball deflects off The footballer MSV Duisburg, giving MSV Duisburg a corner kick in front of the MSV-Arena crowd.
image 70’` Free kick
A dangerous move halted, and MSV Duisburg gets a free kick thanks to The FC footballer MSV Duisburg’s effort.
image 71’` Free kick
Wagner Felix signals a free kick for MSV Duisburg as The footballer MSV Duisburg protests the decision.
image 76’` Coach makes sub
The footballer MSV Duisburg is substituted for Erzgebirge Aue, as Wagner Felix signals at MSV-Arena.
image 81’` Coach prepares substitution
MSV Duisburg swaps FC player MSV Duisburg out, shaking things up at MSV-Arena.
image 84’` Free kick
FC player MSV Duisburg steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
image 87’` Goal kick
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with The FC footballer MSV Duisburg ready to send it long.
image 90’` Goal kick
FC player MSV Duisburg takes the goal kick for Erzgebirge Aue after the ball goes wide at MSV-Arena.
image 90 + 2’` Free kick
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The FC footballer MSV Duisburg is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
15’` Free kick image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
18’` Free kick image
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
21’` Free kick image
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue in the MSV-Arena midfield.
22’` Free kick image
A dangerous move halted, and MSV Duisburg gets a free kick thanks to The footballer Erzgebirge Aue’s effort.
26’` Goal kick image
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with The footballer Erzgebirge Aue ready to send it long.
27’` Goal kick image
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with FC player Erzgebirge Aue ready to send it long.
29’` Free kick image
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The player Erzgebirge Aue in the MSV-Arena midfield.
29’` Free kick image
The player Erzgebirge Aue steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
30’` Goal kick image
MSV Duisburg prepares for a goal kick at MSV-Arena as The player Erzgebirge Aue lines up to restart play.
32’` Free kick image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
34’` Corner kick image
The ball deflects off FC player Erzgebirge Aue, giving MSV Duisburg a corner kick in front of the MSV-Arena crowd.
36’` Goal kick image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue steps up for MSV Duisburg’s goal kick, aiming to shift momentum at MSV-Arena.
36’` Free kick image
A dangerous move halted, and MSV Duisburg gets a free kick thanks to The player Erzgebirge Aue’s effort.
39’` Yellow card image
Wagner Felix books Ehlers Jannic (Erzgebirge Aue) with a yellow card for MSV Duisburg at MSV-Arena.
47’` Goal kick image
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with FC player Erzgebirge Aue ready to send it long.
50’` Goal kick image
The Wagner Felix signals a goal kick for MSV Duisburg, with The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue ready to send it long.
55’` Corner kick image
A corner is awarded to Erzgebirge Aue after a strong move by Stefaniak Marvin (Erzgebirge Aue) near the goal line.
56’` Free kick image
A dangerous move halted, and MSV Duisburg gets a free kick thanks to The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue’s effort.
58’` Goal kick image
FC player Erzgebirge Aue takes the goal kick for Erzgebirge Aue after the ball goes wide at MSV-Arena.
59’` Goal kick image
FC player Erzgebirge Aue takes the goal kick for Erzgebirge Aue after the ball goes wide at MSV-Arena.
68’` Goal kick image
Erzgebirge Aue gets a goal kick as FC player Erzgebirge Aue clears the danger in front of MSV-Arena’s fans.
68’` Substitution image
MSV Duisburg makes a change at MSV-Arena, with The footballer Erzgebirge Aue coming off the pitch.
70’` Free kick image
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by FC player Erzgebirge Aue in the MSV-Arena midfield.
74’` Free kick image
FC player Erzgebirge Aue steps up to take a free kick for Erzgebirge Aue as tension builds at MSV-Arena.
79’` Free kick image
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The player Erzgebirge Aue is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
80’` Substitution image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue exits for MSV Duisburg, and MSV-Arena watches the tactical switch.
84’` Yellow card image
MSV Duisburg’s Stefaniak Marvin (Erzgebirge Aue) earns a yellow card, noted by Wagner Felix at MSV-Arena.
86’` Free kick image
Wagner Felix awards a free kick to MSV Duisburg after a foul by The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue in the MSV-Arena midfield.
88’` Coach makes sub image
MSV Duisburg swaps FC player Erzgebirge Aue out, shaking things up at MSV-Arena.
88’` Coach makes sub image
The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue is substituted for Erzgebirge Aue, as Wagner Felix signals at MSV-Arena.
90’` Corner kick image
Wagner Felix points to the corner flag as Erzgebirge Aue prepares to take it, thanks to The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue.
90 + 2’` Free kick image
Erzgebirge Aue is set to take a free kick after The FC footballer Erzgebirge Aue is brought down near MSV-Arena’s stands.
90 + 5’` Goal kick image
Erzgebirge Aue gets a goal kick as The player Erzgebirge Aue clears the danger in front of MSV-Arena’s fans.
90 + 5’` Booking image
MSV Duisburg’s Lord Louis (Erzgebirge Aue) earns a yellow card, noted by Wagner Felix at MSV-Arena.

MSV Duisburg and Erzgebirge Aue will play their match on 13 Dec 2025 at 08:00. The game will be held on MSV-Arena stadium within the 3. Liga. All interesting information can be found in one place, like MSV Duisburg vs Erzgebirge Aue score, fixtures, statistics, latest score, livescore, and future matches' fixtures.

Match and teams’ info

MSV Duisburg vs Erzgebirge Aue score and info in recent games:
  • Erzgebirge Aue - MSV Duisburg (08.05.2026 | 08 May 2026 | 08/05/2026) Erzgebirgsstadion 0:0 3. Liga
  • MSV Duisburg - Erzgebirge Aue (13.12.2025 | 13 Dec 2025 | 13/12/2025) MSV-Arena 0:0 3. Liga
  • MSV Duisburg - Erzgebirge Aue (12.05.2024 | 12 May 2024 | 12/05/2024) MSV-Arena 2:2 3. Liga
  • Erzgebirge Aue - MSV Duisburg (09.12.2023 | 09 Dec 2023 | 09/12/2023) Erzgebirgsstadion 1:1 3. Liga
  • MSV Duisburg - Erzgebirge Aue (05.05.2023 | 05 May 2023 | 05/05/2023) MSV-Arena 3:0 3. Liga

Last played matches of teams:

MSV Duisburg
  • MSV Duisburg - Viktoria Koln (16.05.2026 | 16 May 2026 | 16/05/2026) MSV-Arena 1:1 3. Liga
  • Erzgebirge Aue - MSV Duisburg (08.05.2026 | 08 May 2026 | 08/05/2026) Erzgebirgsstadion 0:0 3. Liga
  • MSV Duisburg - Energie Cottbus (03.05.2026 | 03 May 2026 | 03/05/2026) MSV-Arena 2:1 3. Liga
  • Alemannia Aachen - MSV Duisburg (24.04.2026 | 24 Apr 2026 | 24/04/2026) Tivoli 3:1 3. Liga
  • MSV Duisburg - TSG 1899 Hoffenheim II (18.04.2026 | 18 Apr 2026 | 18/04/2026) MSV-Arena 3:1 3. Liga
Erzgebirge Aue
  • 1. Schweinfurt 05 - Erzgebirge Aue (16.05.2026 | 16 May 2026 | 16/05/2026) Willy-Sachs-Stadion 2:4 3. Liga
  • Erzgebirge Aue - MSV Duisburg (08.05.2026 | 08 May 2026 | 08/05/2026) Erzgebirgsstadion 0:0 3. Liga
  • FC Ingolstadt 04 - Erzgebirge Aue (03.05.2026 | 03 May 2026 | 03/05/2026) Audi Sportpark 3:5 3. Liga
  • Erzgebirge Aue - Wehen Wiesbaden (25.04.2026 | 25 Apr 2026 | 25/04/2026) Erzgebirgsstadion 2:2 3. Liga
  • VfB Stuttgart II - Erzgebirge Aue (19.04.2026 | 19 Apr 2026 | 19/04/2026) Gazi-Stadion a. d. Waldau 2:2 3. Liga
MSV Duisburg v Erzgebirge Aue score today, 13.12.2025, and full match statistics will be available on fscore.co.tz on any device without registration.